Electric metal-working apparatus



,(No Model.) I

H. LEMP &'J.-TREGONING. ELEGTRIG METAL WORKING APPARATUS.

No. 432.629. Patented July 22, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

1 HERMANN LEMP AND JOHN TREGONING, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGN- ORS TO THE THOMSON ELECTRIC WVELDING COMPANY, OF MAINE.

ELECTRIC M ETAL-WORK|NG APPARATUS.

srnomxcnrzon forming part of Letters Patent as; 432,629, datedJuly 22, 1890.

' Application filed April 2, 1890- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HERMANN -LEMP and J OHN 'lnnoonmo, citizens of the United States, and residents of Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Electric Metal- NVorking Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. I

Our invention relates to apparatus in which is electric currents of large volume and heating eifect are employed,but more particularly to apparatus emp toyed for welding, forging, brazing, riveting, and other metal-working operations wherein the work is heated by the passage of an electric current.

In some of its features 0 ur invention applies more especially to electric induction-w coils or transformers built withv special reference to the production from a primary'cur- 2o rent of a secondary current of great Volume but comparatively low electro-motive force. In transformers or induction-coils of this general character constructed for weldin g or other metal-working operations, the second- 2 5 ary bar or conductor in which the currents of large volume are developed and .conveyed to the holdersfor the work after continued use is liable to become heated to an undesirable extent.

0 the movable or jointed parts of the apparatus, owing to the higher resistance at such points. \Vhen a clamp-slide is employed in.

this class of apparatus, it therefore happens that the heat is developed to avery great ex- 5 .tentin the bed on which such clamp moves and'is actuated. It may occur, also, that all the parts of the secondary may become heated by reason of conduction or through the presence of the currents of great volume and the 40 rapid changes of electrical or magnetic condition existing when the apparatus is operated by alternating currents.

Our invention consists, essentially, in the provision for that part of the solid conductor on which the clamp-slide is actuated and moves of internal passages or pipes adapted to provide circulation for a. cooling medium.

Our invention consists, further, in the combination, with the solid copper or other con- 5o ductor forming the secondary for a trans- This heat will appear principally at Serial No. 34 ,270. mammal.)

former or induction-coil, of internal passages for circulation of a cooling medium.

Our invention consists, also, in the combination,with an electric condfuetor made of cast cfopper, of an internal pipe or conduit made of a denser material and preferably inclosed in the copper by casting such copper around it. By the use of such separatepipe or tube of denser material we obviate the difficulty which arises from the fact that the cast copper is ordinarily so porous as to permit a cooling fluid to leak through it. The pipe or tube of a denser material includedin the cast metal of the conductor may be of the 1 same material as the conductor itself or may- 65. be of a different'material, it, only being nec- .essary that such tube or pipe should be of a material sufficiently dense to prevent leakage. By casting the conductor around the I tube or passage we, moreover, facilitate the manufacture of electric conductors in which it is desirable that there should exist a tube or passage for a cooling circulating medium. This facility of manufacture exists especially where the tube or passage is tortuous. In the accompanying drawings we have shown in Figure l, in side elevation, a form of induction-coil constructed. in accordance with our invention and adapted to furnish currents for electric welding or other electric 8o metal-working operations. Fig. 2 is a plan of i the bed or rest on which the clamp-slide moves.

Fig. 3 isan end elevation of a portion ofthe apparatus. Fig. 4 illustrates theapplication of our invention to another form of secondary conductor. Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-section through the secondary conductor, Fig. 4.

E indicates a body of laminated iron,such as is employed in electric transformers. The laminated mass or core is open at its center to receive a copper. tube or conductor B, and the primary wire of the apparatus is threaded through the same opening with the tube B, and passing around the outside ofthe iron core, as is usual in the art. The tube B forms a part of the secondary, which secondaryis continued in the shape of castings O, fastened to the ends of the tube and having at their inturned upper ends suitable rests or supports for clamps l) D, of any suitable construction able devices.

- the secondary,

. frequently h adapted to hold the work. The clamps D I) maybe made, one or both, movable by anysuit- The movable clamp or clamps preferably move in a V-sh aped groove or bearlng on the upper side of the secondary bar, as shown more clearly in Fig. 3. The form of the clamps themselves, of the actuating and bearing devices, and of the means for moving one or both of them, form no part of our present invention, and are therefore not described with any greater particularity.

In the body of metal upon which the movable clamp-slide is guided are provided passages, as shown in dotted lines, for the circulation of a cooling medium. These passagesmay be made by drilling into the copper,but preferably, as will be presently described, are constructed of tubes of iron or brass, around which the solid metal of the conductor C is cast. Through the tube B, forming a part of there also passes a pipe, as indicated, which is' connected with the system of circulation, as will be presently described. In the presentinstance fourlongitudinal pipes or passages are shown in the bearing for the clamp-slide, two located near the center or bottom of the guide portion and two nearer the outside and top, the two latter being connected, respectively and separately, with the two inner tubes. The outer ends of the two v inner tubes are joined together to a pipe S, through which cold water or other cooling liquid may be delivered, while the two outer ends of the external pipes are joined, as shown, through a pipe P, to'one end of the tube leading through the conductor 13. The system of circulation is continued, if desired,

in a similar manner through the opposite side. of the apparatus, and the liquid is carried away througlran exit-pipe at T. V In practice it will be found rather difficult :to drill the copper castings so as to form passages in the manner shown, and besides it appens that the porous nature of the cast copper or other conductor would allow the liquid to leak." To avoid this difliculty we propose to .fOIlll the passages from tubing of the proper size and form and of a material whose melting point isv higher than that of copper. Ordinary iron gas-tubing will serve the purpose.- The tubing, arranged as may be required, is laid in the mold and the copper-cast around it, the ends of the tubing being allowed to project from the casting sufficiently to allow the connectingtubes to be joined to it. As the iron tubing sulate the two poles from one another.

medium.

material.

around an internal a cooling medium.

plan in Fig. 4, and may constitute the secondary bar of a transformer.

The groove illustrated in Fig. 5 in the side The ends at H II are eparated, as shown, by a slight space to in The aminated iron core (indicated at E) is applied 11 any usual way, as by forming the same in two parts and clamping the parts together over the secondary body.

The circulatingube in such secondary bar may take any desired path for keeping the parts liable to heating cool.

\Ve do notlimit"ourselves to the use of copper as theconductor, and our invention is obviously applicable to a conductor made of any other conducting material.

The internal circulating-tube, it is obvious,

might be even made of copper itself, provided it were, for instance, of drawn copper or of copper sufficiently dense in structure to prevent leakage.

lVhat we claim as-our invention is- 1. In an electric welding or metal-working appa atus, the combination, with the sliding clamp, of a guide-rest for the same having i nernal passages for circulation of a cooling In a transformer or induction-ooiLa bar econdary having internal passages for circuation of a coolingmedium.

3. An electric conductor of cast copper havng internal pipes or conduits made of denser 4. An electrie conductor of cast copper or imilar good conducting material having inernal pipes or passages of a denser nature around whichthe copper is cast.

- 5. In an electric transtormerformetal-working operations, a cast copper secondary havng pipes of denser material [or carrying a cooling-liquid inclosed in said copper by easting the copper around them.

6. In an electric transformer, a secondary bar or conductor consisting of castmetal,

uch as copper, provided with circulating ubes or pipes inclosed in the casting 7. An electric conductor of'cast coppercast pipe or tube for carrying State of Massachusetts, this 29th day of March,

gsflsiufiieiently dense to prevent leakage, the A. D; 1890.

i culty arising from the porous nature of 1 the copper is entirely avoided. The tubing as contained in the cast copper of a diflerent form of conductor is illustrated in Fig. Witnesses:

.5 in cross-section. The form of conductor there shown is one which is illustrated" in H. J. WIGHTMAN, WARREN B. LEWIS. 

